The "queen of climbers", as clematis is sometimes called, is at home in many UK gardens, prized for its vigorous vines and spectacular blooms that bring height, colour and interest to borders and walls.
With around 380 species, however, not all clematis should be treated the same when it comes to post-flowering care.
"It mostly depends on when it blooms, as different varieties produce next year's flowers on different parts of the plant," explains plant scientist Dr Russell Sharp, founder of Eutrema lawn and crop care and a former senior lecturer for horticulture.
Clematis are generally divided into three pruning groups: spring-flowering varieties (group 1), large-flowered varieties that bloom in late spring and early summer (group 2), and later-flowering varieties (group 3).
If you're unsure which type you have, you can check the plant label or look up the variety name.
How and when to prune your clematis based on its group
Each pruning group has slightly different requirements, but all clematis types benefit from having damaged stems removed if they suddenly wilt, collapse or turn black.
"Clean secateurs between cuts if you suspect disease – a dip in vinegar will suffice – and keep an eye on soft new growth for aphids," Richard advises.
"Maintaining good airflow, consistent watering and overall plant health will help clematis recover well after flowering and continue producing strong growth."
Group 1: Spring-flowering clematis
Spring-flowering clematis, including Clematis montana or Clematis cartmanii, should be pruned straight after the last flowers fade if the plant tends to grow too vigorously.
"This is the best time to reduce its size and improve its shape without affecting next year's display," Richard shares. "Remove a few older or congested stems, shorten any wayward growth and tie in vigorous new shoots so they are spread evenly across their support."
Timing is crucial. "If you leave pruning until later in summer, you may remove growth that is already carrying next year's flower buds," he warns.
Group 2: Large-flowered clematis
For large-flowered clematis such as 'Nelly Moser' or 'The President', deadheading after the first flush of flowers can encourage a second display.
Removing spent blooms stops the plant from diverting energy into seed production, while a light trim back to a strong pair of buds encourages fresh flowering shoots.
"As new growth develops, tie stems into their support to improve airflow and light penetration through the plant, helping to support healthy growth and bud formation," Richard advises.
Consistent watering is also important, and your plant can benefit from the and occasional fertiliser boost. "Clematis dislike extremes of drought followed by heavy watering, and fluctuating moisture levels can lead to stress and poor bud development," the expert shares.
Group 3: Later-flowering clematis
Types like 'Princess Diana' or 'Polish Spirit' do not need cutting back just yet. "Later flowering-clematis are often still building towards their main display in early summer, so they do not need major pruning at this stage," says Richard.
Instead, focus on supporting and training new growth, while keeping the root area mulched to retain moisture and watering during dry spells. "The main cut back for these varieties comes in late winter or early spring."
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Wanda Sachs is the Multiplatform Writer for Country Living and House Beautiful, exploring the latest in gardening, wildlife and sustainable living alongside interiors and property. She is particularly interested in human-interest stories, the intersection of design and pop culture, and the evolving relationship between urban and rural life. Previously, she served as Associate Editor at The Berliner in Berlin, where she reported on culture and fashion. Wanda studied English and German at the Goethe University Frankfurt and Exeter University.
